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Naturally, the first technique involved freezing the cells in order to retain living cells. For cells to remain stable, the ideal freezing temperature is roughly -80C. They are frozen for a maximum of three months, after which degeneration occurs.
The next step involves freezing the cells in liquid nitrogen at -196C to stop early cell deterioration.
However, there was a significant amount of risk, discomfort, and expense associated with the transportation and storage (logistics) of these frozen cells. From the production lab that may be located abroad, to the forwarding firm, the exporting country’s customs screening, the importing company, and finally, the clinics and hospitals. The aforementioned requires a significant
The cells cannot be taken out of freezing or thawed at any time during transport or storage before reaching the end user. Any sloppiness or careless handling will result in heavy cell degradation or total loss of efficacy.
